Potential Changes in Watermelon (Citrullus lannatus) Ploidy Treated By Colchicine

Rd. Selvy Handayani; Muhamad Yusuf; Ajmir Akmal

doi:10.33089/jthort.v1i1.6

Potential Changes in Watermelon (Citrullus lannatus) Ploidy Treated By Colchicine

Rd. Selvy Handayani, Muhamad Yusuf, Ajmir Akmal

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of colchicine on changes in ploidy watermelon. The research was conducted in Agroecotechnology laboratory Universitas Malikussaleh, Microtechnique laboratory Agronomy and Horticulture Departement, Bogor Agricultural University, and Beuringen, Murah Mulia subdistrict, North Aceh. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) two factors. The first factor was watermelon seed soaking time in colchicines 0,02% ie.0, 24,36, and 48 hours. The second factor was the concentration of the colchicine solution on the sprout growth point i.e. 0, 0,1, and 0,2 %. The results showed that plants were given colchicine became to shorter and fewer number of leaves than plants without any treatment. Colchicine could increase the size of the stomata, but it did not change the shape of stomata. Plants that were given colchicine had the potential to ploidy multiplication.

Keywords

Chromosome; Concentration; Seedless; Stomata; Triploid;

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ascough, G.D., J. van Staden, J. E. Erwin. 2008. Effectiveness of colchicine andoryzalin at inducing polyploidy in Watsonialepida N.E. Brown. Hort Sci. 43:2248-2251.

Banowo, A. 2001. Pengaruh Kolkisin Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiate (L) Wilczek). [Thesis]. Diponegoro University. Semarang.

Burns, G. W. 1972. The Science of Genetics, an Introduction to Heredity.The Macamillan Company. New York. USA.

Dhooghe, E. K., van Laere, L. Eeckhaut, L. Leus,J. van Huylenbroeck. 2011. Mitotic chromosome doubling of plant tissues in vitro Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 104:359-373.

Dwijayanti, I. 2012. Pengaruh kolkisin terhadap fenotipe pertumbuhan awal dan jumlah kromosom tanaman srikaya (Annonasquamosa Linn). [Thesis]. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.

Elseth, G. D., K. D. Baumgardner. 1984. Genetics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. Inc. 780 p. Canada.

Fitdian, G. A. 2006. Pengaruh Pemberian Colchicine Pada Tanaman Anggrek (Phalaenopsisamboinensis). [Thesis}. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Handayani, R. S., R. Poerwanto, Sobir, A. Purwito, T. M. Ermayanti. 2013. Pengaruh Batang Bawah dan Jenis Tunas pada Mikrografting Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) secara In Vitro. J. Agron. Indonesia 41 (1) : 47 – 53.

Haryanti, S. R. B., Hastuti, N.Setiari, A.Banowo. 2009. Pengaruh Kolkisin Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Ukuran Sel Metafase dan Kandungan Protein Biji Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Vignaradiata(L) Wilczek)Jurnal Penelitian Sains & Teknologi. 10 (2) : 112 – 120.

Ihsan, F., A. Wahyudi, Sukarmin. 2008. Pembentukan Semangka Tetraploid untuk Perakitan Semangka Tanpa biji. Buletin Teknik Pertanian.13(2): 75-78.

Jadrna, P., O. Plavcova, F. Kobza.2010. Morphological changes in colchicine-treated Pelargonium x hortorum L.H. Bailey greenhouse plants. Hort. Science.37:27-33.

Liu G, Z. Li, M. Bao. 2007. Colchicine-induced chromosome doubling in Plantanusacefolia and its effect on plant morphology Euphytica. 157:145-154.

Mansyurdin, Hamru, D. Murni. 2002. Induksi Tetraploid Pada Tanaman Cabai Merah Keriting dan Cabai Rawit Dengan Kolkisin. Stigma. 12 (3) : 29 –300.

Moghbel, N., M. K. Borujeni, F. Bernard. 2015. Colchicine effect on the DNA content and stomata size of Glycyrrhizaglabravar.glandulifera and Carthamustinctorius L. cultured in vitro Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 13: 1–6.

Omidbaigi, R., S. Yavari, M. E. Hassani, S. Yavari. 2010. Induction of autotetraploidy in dragonhead (Dracocephalummoldavica L.) by colchicine treatment. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 18:23-35.

Rauf, S., I. A. Khan, F. A. Khan.2006. Colchicine-induced tetraploidy and changes in allele freguencies in colchicine-treated populations of diploid assessed with RAPD markers in Gossypium arboretum L. Turk J. Biol. 30: 93-100.

Riupassa, P. A., T. Chikmawati, Miftahudin, Suharsono. 2016. The Molecular Diversity-based ISSR of Durio tanjungpurensis Originating from West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Makara J. Sci. 19(1): 27-36.

Salasa, N., K. Arum, S. Ashari, N. Herlina. 2013. Identifikasi tanaman durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) mirip durian varietas Bido di Kecamatan Wonosalam Kabupaten Jombang dengan metode isozim dan morfologi. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman. 1 (5): 427-433.

Setyowati, M., E. Sulistyaningsih, A. Purwantor. 2013. Induksi Poliploidi Dengan Kolkisin Pada Kultur Meristem Batang Bawang Wakegi (Allium x wakegi Araki). Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian. 16(1):58 -76.

Sukamto, L. A., F. Ahmad, A. H.Hawo. 2010. Pengaruh Oryzalin Terhadap Tingkat Ploidi Tanaman Garut (MaratanaarundinaceaL.) Bul. Littro. 21 (2): 93 - 102.

Suminah, A. D. Sutarno, Setyawan. 2002. Induksi poliploidi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicumL.) dengan Pemberian Kolkisin. Biodiversitas. 3 (1) : 174 – 180.

Suryo, H. 2007. Sitogenetika. Universitas Gajah Mada Press. Yogyakarta.

Suyono H, Sutjahjo, A. Makmur, N. Tripudayani, U. Hafid. 1993. Induksi Tetraploid Pada Tanaman Semangka (Citrulluslanatus (Thunb). Bul. Agr. 21 (1): 55-61.

Takahira, J., A. Cousin, M. N. Nelson, W. A. Cowling. 2011. Improvement in efficiency of microspore culture to produce doubled haploid canola (Brassica napus L.) by flow cytometry. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 104:51-59.

Yulianti, F., A. Purwito, A. Husni, D. Dinarti.2015. In Vitro Induction of Tetraploid in Simadu Tangerine (Citrus nobilisLour) Shoot-Tip Using Colchicine. J. Agron. Indonesia. 43 (1) : 66- 71.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33089/jthort.v1i1.6